Latest update on immunotherapy of Epstein-Barr virus-associated post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (EBV-PTLD) is a potentially life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or solid organ transplantation. In the last decade, the survival of patients with EBV-PTLD has been significantly improved by immunotherapeutic interventions among high-risk patients. The immunotherapeutic interventions for EBV-PTLD include reduction in immunosuppression, CD20 monoclonal antibodies (rituximab) as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, and adoptive immunotherapy with EBV-specific T cells. This paper reviews the latest update on the high-risk factors, clinical manifestations and immunotherapy of EBV-PTLD.

Induction of apoptosis by proteasome inhibitor MG-132 in human erythroleukemia cell line K562 / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether proteasome inhibitor MG-132 induces apoptosis of human erythroleukemia cell line K562 and possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>K562 cells were incubated with RPMI 1640 and exposed to 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 micromol/L of MG-132 for 24 hrs, respectively. The apoptosis of cells were detected by fluorescence microscope, DNA fragments and flow cytometry. The NF-kappaB mRNA expression was quantified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Expression of NF-kappaB and caspase-3 was semiquantitatively analyzed with SABC techniques. Caspase-3 activities were measured with a colorimetric method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The growth of K562 cells was inhibited and the apoptosis of the cells increased after MG-132 treatment in a dose-dependent manner. After 24 hrs of 15 micromol/L MG-132 treatment, the percentage of apoptotic cells (26.5+/-0.6%) increased significantly when compared with the untreated controls (1.2+/-0.1%) (P<0.01). MG-132 treatment decreased the mRNA and protein expression of NF-kappaB, and increased the protein expression of caspase-3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MG-132 can induce apoptosis of human erythroleukemia cell line K562 through the down-regulation of NF-kappaB expression and up-regulation of caspase-3 expression.</p>